What Makes A Rapper - 887 Words

Some of the valued assets in rappers are: quality [of work] and longevity, songwriting and storytelling, impact, and perhaps the most vital asset; rhyming skills [flow, delivery, and lyricism] (cite). These qualities of what makes a rapper an efficacious one have been greatly debated since the formation of hip-hop, and ultimately rap, culture in the 1970’s (cite). Those with a passion for hip-hop and rap music can debate their top ten favorite rap artists indefinitely due to the abundance in what catalogs and qualifies a rapper as a great one. The argument for whom is the greatest or the best rapper alive, or of all time, has been, and will forever be, opinion-based. However, through statistics and precise analyzation, we can answer the age-old question of â€Å"what qualifies a rapper as ‘great’?† It is possible for any rapper in the music industry, aspiring or veteran, to create just one song that is considered to be quality work. The real talent is creating an album’s worth of quality work and continuing to produce quality albums and other musical works that will remain relevant over the years to come. Unfortunately, rap is considered now to be more of the younger generation’s profession (cite), despite hip-hop and rap veterans such as Dr. Dre, Ice Cube, Big L and KRS-One, laying the foundations of rap for the newer generation of rap artists. Rappers that fail to remain significant over time eventually wither away and are virtually overlooked. In essence, a worthy rapper canShow MoreRelatedGangster Rap : Rap And Black Masculinity1588 Words   |  7 Pagesthat gangster rap represents a masculinity that rappers portray themselves as in their songs. Dating back to its origins, African Americans had always been the face of gangster rap, with such names like Tupac , Biggie, Jay-Z, DMX, and much more, as covers of rap magazines. Gangster rap had always been seen as what people interpret it to be and that is a raw rhythmic and explicit version of poetry in motion, but gangster rap depicts more than what people interpret it to be. Gangster rap depictsRead MoreRap Music And Its Influence On Society1209 Words   |  5 Pagesexample of this occurrence would be the lower class of America’s use of rap music. Rap music started out as a fun variation of disco with the purpose to make people dance and enjoy themselves, but it later transformed into one of the best outlets to express the struggles of poverty in the United States. The genre gained popularity when the song â€Å"Rapper s Delight† hit the charts in the early eighties; rap evolved into a plethora of different styles from there, Gangster Rap formed with NWA in the lateRead MoreRap Music Is Not The Only Type Of American Music Associated With Sex And Violence1508 Words   |  7 Pagespeople at the top, uplifted an entire American generation on sex and violence in other types of music. Now they are doing the same with rap music (Roberts, 1994). Rappers have thus been forced to abandon the stated goal of their humble beginning to conform to the marketable aspects of their crafts. (Rebollo-Gil Moras, 2012). Rappers have adopted all elements of hip-hop as a part of their daily practices claiming that hip-hop artists influence music, fashion, and speech. The portrayal of black menRead MoreEssay on Power of perceptiom1263 Words   |  6 Pagesinherent to that character. Although we do not always recognize archetypes and their role in today’s society, they still exist, and their presence is stronger than ever. However because of the reoccurring use, when we do recognize them we are able to make out their characteristics and set them apart (i.e. Villains usually display undesirable qualities such as scary, ugly cunning and deceiving, manipulative) Archetypes are very significant because even the average human can interact and find some similaritiesRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Hip Hop905 Words   |  4 Pagesdrastically from when it began in the 1970’s to now the 2000’s. Many rappers now just rap to entertain the listener not taking in mind what type of message they are transmitting. Unlike the rappers from now, Marco Archer, known as Phora, is positively affecting peoples lives. Phora, a twenty-three-year-old rapper writes his raps to send out a positive message to the world and gives them his story through his music. Many rappers now rap about sex, money, drugs, and crimes. On the article by PeterRead MoreThe Effects Of Rap Songs Sung By Men Speak Of Women1415 Words   |  6 Pagesdue in large part to the fact that sex sells. The unintended consequence is that female subjects featured in this kind of music are often the ones that suffer the most. Most of the rappers with the greatest influence are ignorant to this issue, however others have openly acknowledged it. Snoop Dogg, a renowned rapper, has admitted to given women a bad rap in his music by using the word bitch and saying other negative things about women (Elks, â€Å"Snoop Dogg Vows). It is easy to conclude that the majorityRead MoreHip-Hop Essay938 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Hip-Hop: A Roadblock or Pathway to Black Empowerment,† he speaks about the positive and negative effects that hip-hop has on the Black Community. Bennett goes all the way to the beginning of hip-hop, which he says took place in the early 1980s with rappers such as Run DMC, Public Enemy, Sugar Hill Gang and many others. The author then speaks about how hip-hop grew not only in the young black African American culture but also in the white youth culture as well. Finally, Bennett states that hip-hop hasRead MoreHip Hop And Rap Music1584 Words   |  7 Pagespresent time that rose to prominence in the 1980’s. The hip hop genre was born in t he African American community and has since then changed into what it is today. What most individuals don’t know is that originally rap music did not contain such explicit themes as it does now; such as misogyny, drugs, crime, and violence among others. Many people may wonder what led to the introduction of such themes into rap music and why they remained popular. Crime and violence were introduced to rap music as a wayRead MoreImpact Of Rap Music On The Music870 Words   |  4 PagesRhythm Blues and Jazz included a large portion of the components that make up rap music. Rap music turned into its own particular type of music in the 1970 s the point at which DJ s from New York, for example, DJ Lovebug, DJ Cool Herc and DJ Hollywood, started controlling, and scratching, records to make rhythms, beats, and different sounds. As this occurred the rapper would talk over the music utilizing rhymes. The rapper would utilize attention and stresses with their verses. In 1979 the Suga rRead MoreRap Music And Its Influence On Music903 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent categories. One of the more popular genres of music is Rap. Rap music evolved overtime and become more relevant as the years go on, accordingly the culture and other parts of rap changed as well. There a various differences between what rap music is now and what it had been in the past, and it all comes with the changes of the world. Some of the bigger changes in music is the culture that comes with the music, the lyrics of the songs as well as the reason for making the music. When people used

Nurse Process - 2826 Words

NURSING PROCESS APPLICATION TO NURSING PROCESS RHIO ANNE FLORES FELICIAN COLLEGE Felician College Honor Code:I pledge on my honor that I have neither given nor received inappropriate help on this paper. Signature:_________________________________ ABSTRACT Nursing Process is a method in professional nursing to identify, diagnose, and treat human responses to health illness. It has a series of steps which are assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. A respiratory infection called Pneumonia was applied to each step of the nursing process. It is an illustration of how to apply the condition in each step by collecting the information, diagnosing the signs and symptoms, planning the†¦show more content†¦Gathering information is needed for assessment so the nurse has to communicate with the patient (primary source), the family (secondary source) and reading files or records of the patient. The nurse also has to observe the client or patient if they are having pain (from facial expressions) or for any behaviors or taking the patient’s vital signs. These observations should be combined with the data that have been collected from the primary and secondary sources. Facts should be prà ©cised in order form ulate a correct diagnosis which is the second step of the nursing process. Diagnosis is the phase where the health status of the patient is distinguished. The information that has been gathered about the patient has to be grouped, classified and analyzed. Performing these task will lead to recognition of the current health status of the patient. Issues regarding the current health status of a patient should be illustrated accurately in the nurse’s statement. Associate all the grouped data that had been brought together. The nurse has to determine which diagnoses corresponds with all the research from the information. With the correct diagnosis, the nurse can carry on the third step which is called Planning goals and desired outcomes of the patient. Planning is the where the nurse assists a patient on deciding what kind of outcomes do they want toShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of A Nurse During The Legislative Process1132 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Header: LEGISLATIVE PROCESS​​1 The Role of a Nurse in the Legislative Process Samantha Stover Ohio University The legislative process is constructed of three parts that include the policy formulation, policy implementation and policy modification. Policy formulation is gathering and formulating a bill to take to legislation for review. The bill consists of a healthcare issue that has been researched with a clearly stated alternative or solutionRead MoreDevelopment Of The Orientation Process For New Registered Nurses Essay2789 Words   |  12 Pages Development of the orientation process for new Registered Nurses Problem Identification New Registered Nurses entering into the emergency department, are lacking experience to high acuity, and very sick patients with cardiac, stroke, trauma, sepsis, and pediatric emergencies. In the last few years the shortage of nurses with experience in specialty areas has become more evident. The vacancies of nurses retiring or moving out of the facility, is creating unsafe practices with high patient ratiosRead MoreHow Can Average Nurses Be Involved? The Political Process? Essay876 Words   |  4 PagesHow can average nurses be involved in the political process? An average nurse can be involved in the political process by being an advocate for the patient through close involvement with the legislator and policymaker. The nurse can advocate on issues in which will result in an improvement of the outcome of the patient’s health. For example, the nurse can speak with the legislator concerning issues with having increased responsibilities with patient care and dealing with nursing shortage. TheRead MoreThe Process Of Becoming A Nurse1588 Words   |  7 PagesAnne Gasparyan ENGRD 310 Professor Leung 7 December 2014 The Process of Becoming A Nurse As a young child everyone was told from their parents to either go into the business or medical field because they are great professional field that also pays well; which, the outcome of the job will better many peoples future if this path is taken. The first step on becoming a nurse is first is figuring out what type of nursing branch or field will suit professional needs such as adult (elderly)Read MoreRole Of The Nurses During Transition Process1198 Words   |  5 Pagesrole of the nurses during that transition, and how we can provide support to new parents. I wrote some of the things I’ve learned, and experienced during the transition process. I provided some common problems families go through during transition, and wrote some recommendations based on evidenced-based practice approach. I attached links of some of the resources available in Mecklenburg County that can be helpful for families who are in transition. Transitioning is a learning process, and can beRead MoreNurses And Their Role During The Birthing Process Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pagesthink they have similar functions, doulas and midwives actually have different training, duties. A midwife is a trained medical professional, and can be a woman or man. They play a key role during the birthing process. You can have both a midwife and a doula to help you during the birthing process. Midwives are the traditional care providers for mothers and infants. Midwives are trained professionals with expertise and skills in supporting women to maintain healthy pregnancies and have optimal birthsRead MoreThe Political Action Process And How Nurses Influence Change2258 Words   |  10 PagesPolitical Action Process and How Nurses Influence Change Prior to beginning this course, I was not abreast of the political action process nor the impact of the nurses’ role in the political action process. I was aware of groups lobbying against policies, bills, laws, etc., however, I was not educated on the various aspects or inconsiderable number of steps involved in the political action process (or use: I was not aware of the depth of involvement required in the political action process). As the semesterRead MorePatient Tracer Summary1231 Words   |  5 Pagesassessment is the fundamental baseline assessment which begins the process of assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention, and evaluation. This assessment is a critical first step in the patient’s care and serves as the first complete introduction the nurse has to the patient. During this process, the nurse assesses the patient from head to toe and establishes a baseline assessment. This provides a point of reference for other nurses to compare against to see if the patient’s condition is improvingRead MoreWhat is Nursing?885 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Nursing is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Nursing has been a field in which new rules are being constantly enforced. It is also a field that requires the nurses to constantly review their material in order to be current with the changes in health profession. Nursing has always been around, but in different standards. Nursing began as a basic care and then it gradually expanded into a more critical and in-depth care. There are several definitions of what nursing is, but in my own perspective, I think nursing is the act ofRead MoreThe Theory Of Goal Attainment1481 Words   |  6 Pagessystems; Personal Systems which pertain to the individual, Interpersonal Systems which pertain to small groups, and Social Systems which pertain to the society as a whole. King saw these three interacting systems as part of the larger decision making process of human beings (Frey et al, 2002). The Theory of Goal Attainment is a middle range theory derived from King’s Conceptual System. The Theory of Goal Attainment focuses on the interactions between the personal, interpersonal, and social systems. Frey

British Empire Essay Example For Students

British Empire Essay Wexford and Burden both have stable marriages and family backgrounds. Wexford is married to Dora, and Burden to Jenny. We can see that the two couples are on good terms with each other as the two police officers often go out for drinks together and are on good terms with each other. Also, we know from the text that their wives are friends with each other, which shows that their relationships arent just a professional one. The relationships between the two sets of detectives (Holmes, Watson, Wexford and Burden) are different. In The Adventure of the Speckled Band Holmes is considered as the main character. He is the potentate, whilst Watson plays the role of his faithful sidekick. From all of Conan Doyles past works involving Sherlock Holmes, we see that Watson is not as clever as Holmes and this one is clearly no exception. We will write a custom essay on British Empire specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Watson is actually very smart, but when he is working alongside Homes, Holmes intelligence overshadows his. Although Watson is not working on the same level as Holmes, one can see that they are extremely close. This closeness between the two characters can be seen from the fact that Holmes and Watson are living on the same premises. Watsons purpose is partly as a dramatic device in which he is the narrator. This helps to keep the suspense because Holmes doesnt tell Watson anything he discovered. Although Watson is the narrator, he doesnt dominate the narrative and we can see that Holmes is the leader and he takes control. In Bloodlines, as mentioned before, Wexford and Burdens relationship is mostly a professional one although they are friendly enough towards each other to go out for drinks with each other. As said before, Wexford and Burden do not work together, where as Holmes and Watson do in the stories. Due to that fact, we cannot really compare the relationships of Wexford and Burdens with that of Holmes and Watsons. Although Burden is a police officer, he does not work with Wexford. Burdens opinions about characters and situations underline Rendells view of society. The crime and the way the facts are revealed to the reader are different in the two stories even though they are both murder crimes. In The Adventure of the Speckled Band the reader can tell who had committed the crime, but not how it was done. On the other hand, in Bloodlines, one knows how the murder was accomplished, but not who had done it. Both of the crimes involved in the two stories are murders and both stories feature stepfathers and money. In The Adventure of the Speckled Band, it is the stepfather that commits the crime. Dr. Roylott then dies at the end of the story. In Bloodlines the stepfather is already dead. Both of these men are portrayed as the enemies as Dr. Roylott killed Julia Stoner and he had planned to kill her sister, Helen Stoner as well. The reader finds out in the end of Bloodlines that Tom Peterlee was murdered by Carol Fox (his mistress), but he is also considered a bad character as he abused his wife badly. In both stories, we see that there are a lot of violence and brutality, all involving women. In the Holmes story, the reader has been given enough facts to determine who had killed Julia Stoner, but the method of the murder was not clear. Holmes knew how the crime was done but because the story is a first person narrative, from Watsons perspective, we did not find out until the end when Holmes tells Watson this. Bloodlines is different because the narrative is an omniscient one, and it tells the reader what is going on, but the person that had committed the crime is not revealed until the very end. .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 , .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 .postImageUrl , .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 , .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1:hover , .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1:visited , .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1:active { border:0!important; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1:active , .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1 .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaa8ccd3baffe6581820c37d0785511f1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Highwayman Poem Analysis EssayThe time and the location of The Adventure of the Speckled Band allow Dr. Roylott to be more calculating and devious about the way he commits the crime. The murder in Bloodlines was more of a spontaneous reaction to the events that precede it. The murderer in the first story premeditated the murder very carefully and the story was started before a second murder took place. The fact that Holmes was trying to prevent a second murder, without the reader actually acknowledging it creates more tension and suspense in the story. In Bloodlines, the detectives were investigating a crime that has already taken place, instead of trying to prevent an other murder from taking place (like in The Adventure of the Speckled Band). This gives the story less tension and it is less dramatic. The stories reflect the time in which they are set through superficial details as well as details with more profundity in them. The Adventure of the Speckled Band was set in the 19th century; this can be seen in a number of ways. In the opening paragraphs of the story, the narrative actually said: It was early in the year 83 Holmes pointed out to Helen Stoner that she had ridden in a dogcart, but now they dont exist anymore. The language in which the story is presented in is very formal and nobody talks like that anymore. The story suggests that quite a lot of people lived in India at that time. When Dr. Roylott was in India This is evidence that India was still a part of the British Empire and it also suggests that the story was set in the 19th century. The difference in monetary values was mentioned in the story as well. One thousand pounds is hardly worth calling a fortune now but it was considered as quite a sum of money in the 19th century. The way that the story portrayed women as inferior to men also shows the reader that the story was set in the 19th century. Helen Stoner and her sisters money was placed in the trust of her stepfather until marriage illustrates to the reader that women were regarded as inferior to men at that time. The sentences in The Adventure of the Speckled Band tend to be longer and there are a high number of clauses in the sentences.

Workers Compensation Essay Example For Students

Workers Compensation Essay Workers CompensationWorkers compensation is meant to protect employees from loss of income and to cover extra expenses associated with job-related injuries or illness. Accidents in which the employee does not lose time from work, accidents in which the employee loses time from work, temporary partial disability, permanent partial or total disability, death, occupational diseases, noncrippling physical impairments, such as deafness, impairments suffered at employer-sanctioned events, such as social events or during travel to organization business, and injuries or disabilities attributable to an employers gross negligence are the types of injuries and illnesses most frequently covered by workers compensation laws. Since 1955, several states have allowed workers compensation payments for job-related cases of anxiety, depression, and certain mental disorders. We will write a custom essay on Workers Compensation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Although some form of workers compensation is available in all 50 states, specific requirements, payments, and procedures vary among states. Certain features are common to virtually all programs: The laws generally provide for replacement of lost income, medical expense payments, rehabilitation of some sort, death benefits to survivors, and lump-sum disability payments. The employee does not have to sue the employer to get compensation. The compensation is normally paid through an insurance program financed through premiums paid by employers. Workers compensation insurance premiums are based on the accident and illness record of the organization. Having a large number of paid claims results in higher premiums. Medical expenses are usually covered in full under workers compensation laws. It is a no-fault system; all job-related injuries and illnesses are covered regardless of where the fault for the disability is placed. Workers compensation coverage is compulsory in all but a few states. In these states, it is elective for the employer. When it is elective, any employers who reject the coverage also give up certain legal protections. Benefits paid are generally provided for four types of disability: permanent partial disability, permanent total disability, temporary partial disability, and temporary total disability. Before any workers compensation is reorganized, the disability must be shown to be work-related. This usually involves an evaluation of the claimant by an occupational physician. One major criticism of workers compensation involves the extent of coverage provided by different states. The amounts paid, ease of collecting, and the likelihood of collecting all vary significantly from state to state. After a decade of yearly double-digit increases in the cost of workers compensation, in the early 1990s at least 35 states began to make changes in their workers compensation laws. These changes included tighter eligibility standards, benefit cuts, improved workplace safety, and campaigns against fraud. Recent data indicate that these changes are paying off. The rates of increases in the cost of workers compensation have slowed considerably, and in 1993 the cost actually declined. From 1993 through 1996, the cost of workers compensation insurance continued to decrease. State and federal workers compensation insurance is based on the theory that the cost of industrial accidents should be considered as one of the costs of production and should ultimately be passed on to the consumer. Individual employees should neither be required to stand the expense of their treatment or loss of income nor be required to be subjected to complicated, delaying, and expensive legal procedures. In most states, workers compensation insurance is compulsory. Only in New Jersey and Texas is it elective. When compulsory, every employer subject to it is required to comply with the laws provisions for the compensation of work injuries. The law is compulsory for the employee also. When elective, the employers have the option of either accepting or rejecting the law. If they reject it, they lose the customary common law defenses assumed risk of employment, negligence of a fellow servant, and contributory negligence. Workers compensation laws typically provide that injured employees will be paid a disability benefit that is usually based on a percentage of their wages. Each state also specifies the length of the period of payment and usually indicates a maximum amount that may be paid. In addition to the disability benefits, provision is made for payment of medical and hospitalization expenses to some degree, and in all states, death benefits are paid to survivors of the employee. Commissions are established to adjudicate claims at little or no expense to the claimant. Two methods of providing for workers compensation risks are commonly used. One method is for the state to operate an insurance system that employers may join and are required to join. Another method is for the states to permit employers to insure with private companies, and in some states, employers may be certified by the commission handling workers compensation to handle their own risks without any type of insurance. .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e , .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e .postImageUrl , .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e , .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e:hover , .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e:visited , .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e:active { border:0!important; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e:active , .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uff0d521bb68e4886746ff86321ab440e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Adolesent Depression Essay Under most state and private insurance plans, the employer and the employee gain by maintaining good safety records. Disability payments from other sources do not affect your Social Security disability benefits. But, if the disability payment is workers compensation or another public disability payment, your Social Security benefits may be reduced. After the reduction, your total public disability benefits should not exceed eighty percent of your average current earnings before you became disabled. These include your combined family Social Security benefits, your workers compensation payment and any other public disability payment you receive. The workers compensation payment and another type of public disability payment are kinds of payments that affect your Social Security disability benefits. Workers compensation payment is one that is made to a worker because of a job-related injury and illness. It may be paid by federal or state workers compensation agencies, employers or insurance companies on behalf of employers. Public disability payments that may affect your Social Security benefits are those paid under a federal, state or local government law or plan that pays for conditions that are not job-related. They differ from workers compensation because the disability that the worker has may not be job related. Examples are civil service disability benefits, military disability benefits, state temporary disability benefits and state or local government retirement benefits that are based on disability.The higher costs of providing workers compensation benefits in risky occupations may lead employers to improve safety in order to lower their insurance costs. The 75th anniversary of the Federal Employees Compensation Act (FECA) is an opportune time to reflect on broad policy issues of no-fault work injury liability statutes. Policy discussions regarding occupational safety and health usually are divided into two distinct parts with government standards established under the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) as the regulatory device for encouraging prevention and workers compensation considered as the program for providing benefits to disabled workers. The much debated standards approach established under the Occupational Safety and Health Act draws attention to the role of workers compensation as apart of the policy mix for improving the health and safety of employees. General issues of safety and health and their effect on employers and employees are first considered in this article. Then the mechanics of determining workers compensation benefits in the private sector and how this process relates to employer prevention incentives are briefly reviewed. Evidence on the effect of workers compensation on safety and health is also discussed. Finally, the specific arrangements by which Federal agencies are charged for the work injury liabilities of their employees are compared with arrangements used in the private sector to determine whether the Federal arrangements are consistent with the objective of encouraging prevention of injury and illness. All workers compensation systems in the United States require employers to guarantee that compensation to injured workers will be paid. Some large employers may self-insure but most employers meet this obligation by purchasing insurance. Several States offer workers compensation insurance in competition with commercial carriers, while other States have a monopoly insurance fund. The largest source of workers compensation, however, is insurance purchased from private companies. Workers compensation insurance rates are based on the riskiness of the firms industrial classification within each State. Approximately 600 groupings are used to determine the firms manual rate, which is stated as a percent of payroll. If a firm is large enough, the manual rate will begin to be adjusted by the experience of the individual firm. The larger the firms payroll, the larger will be the degree of this experience rating. In a typically risky industry, firms with approximately 1,800 employees will have premiums based on their own experience. It is obvious from this cursory review of the rate-setting procedure, that the system is quite subtle in its attention to the accident and disease experience of the individual firm. Within the workers compensation community, experience rating is often viewed as a matter of equityfirms with poor claims experience are charged a premium that reflects poor performance and firms with good experience are charged less. However, the potential for using this scheme to regulate behavior is also apparent. Considering the significance of occupational safety and health as a regulatory concern, it is somewhat surprising that so few studies have examined experience rating. .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 , .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 .postImageUrl , .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 , .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9:hover , .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9:visited , .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9:active { border:0!important; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9:active , .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9 .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u52fc2cdb95c926184def4d31185acea9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Defense on socrates Essay It is a complex area to study, largely because of the complicating factor of the employees response to higher benefits. A straightforward prediction about the effect of experience rating on employers is that higher statutory benefit levels should encourage more prevention. Benefit levels vary across States and are regularly increased within States. However, higher benefit levels are associated with higher reported levels of accidents. Higher levels of benefits apparently encourage employees to report accidents. It is very difficult to remove this employee effect from any effect higher benefits might have on the employer. More attention should be paid to how liability arrangements can be improved to create a better workplace environment. Suggestions have been made to allow, or even require, all employers to self-insure deductibles for workers compensation, and thus sharpen the immediate reward for reduced injuries and disease. Other possibilities for refining the incentives of the experience-rating system are to simplify the relationships between experience and premiums. The current formula is a complex array of actuarially important factors that are beyond the comprehension of most safety and health professionals. Perhaps some elements of the relationship between experience and premiums could be simplified so as to make the reward for improved safety and health more apparent to decision makers. The use of claims experience from the first 3 of the last 4 years is another reason that the linkage between experience and premiums is more obtuse than is desirable. A final suggestion for improvement in the experience-rating scheme concerns the workers compensation rate regulation system used in most States. Workers compensation rates are still heavily regulated in most States, and although there are several mechanisms through which competition can manifest itself, pricing is not explicitly and visibly competitive in most States. This results in a marketplace that is not as effective as one would expect under open competitionand this lack of creative tension is manifested, in part, by producing few new ideas in experience rating. Regulated rates also often subvert the potential of experience rating by holding rates below the level established by the benefit levels and claims. In an effort to please worker groups, State legislators frequently set higher benefit levels, but then seek to appease employers by keeping rates below the level implied by those benefits. This eventually results in rates that make many employers unprofitable customers for insurers, which leads to employers being unable to obtain voluntary insurance. Because employers are legally obligated to have insurance, they are forced into assigned risk pools. Assigned risk pools, with rates that do not fully reflect benefit levels and claims experience, further diffuse the relationship between experience and premiums, and thus distort the incentives of workers compensation. Federal employee work injury and disease benefits are paid by the employing agency through regular payroll funding during the 45-day period of pay continuation and then through an annual bill that accounts for benefits paid to the agencys work- disabled employees. This is essentially self-insurance, with extended claims administered through the Office of Workers Compensation Programs, the Department of Labor agency responsible for administering FECA. This arrangement avoids the imperfections of the experience-rating system, because employers are fully rewarded or penalized for their claims experience. Although employers pay the full amount due, there are some problems. For example, it is not clear that anyone at the insurers level is inclined to encourage disabled employees to return to work. Another potential problem is that agencies must deal only with the one authorized insurer. In most private insurance markets, the amount of prevention services is used as a device to attract and retain customers. It is not clear whether the Office of Workers Compensation Programs has any incentive to offer these key services. Occupational health and safety is as important a regulatory issue today as it was in the early 20th century, when it was at the vanguard of government intervention in the labor market. We should clearly be using all available devices for improving the operation of the labor market. Because employees will be compensated for their occupational injuries, it is necessary to take full advantage of the financing of that compensation system in order to create incentives for prevention. The financing arrangements now in use are quite strong, but reinforcing prevention incentives has never been viewed as their primary purpose. Recognition of this preventive incentive role and attention to its improvement will serve to improve the occupational health and safety of American workers.

3 Important Things All New Truck Drivers Need to Know

3 Important Things All New Truck Drivers Need to Know The trucking life sounds like it could be a country song: open road, deadlines to meet, lone soul getting it done. But the reality is that it’s a career like any other, and shares a lot of the same hard truths and anxiety points that affect people just starting out in any industry. Here are three things you should expect from your first year on the road. 1. It’s going to be tough out there.You’re literally putting in the miles. Maybe you’re homesick, or being in a truck cab for 20 hours a day isn’t quite what you thought it would be like. Many newbie truckers opt out during that first year, having decided that it wasn’t the right job for them. However, it’s important to know that if you can stick it out, life will get easier. Expect to make hard decisions about whether this is really the right choice for you.2. Your trucking company is just like any other workplace.Even though you’re not sitting in a cubicle for eight hours a da y, you will face some of the same workplace expectations and constraints as regular office workers. Set performance expectations with your bosses, and be open with them about your progress. Remember, someone is trusting you with their cargo- it can take time to build that trust and be able to have the kind of relationship where they know you’ll get it done.3.   You will need to be flexible.Things will not always go 100% as planned. There are so many variables out on the road (weather, traffic, the unpredictability of other drivers) that chances are at some point you’ll need to do some creative problem solving to get where you need to go. Whether that’s working with suppliers to correct a mistake (did Car Parts Inc. really order the 5 tons of cotton candy the warehouse just put on your truck?) or figuring out how to make a tight deadline when you’re two states away and the snow’s about to start, don’t stress. There’s always a solutio n, and even though you may need to come up with it on the fly, expect the unexpected and you’ll be able to make it through.Once you get through this adjustment period and you’re a veteran driver, it might be time to write that hit song about your experiences traveling the country in a big rig. But in the meantime, keep your eyes on the road and get ready for an interesting ride!Read More at greatcdltraining.com

Which Fields Have the Highest Paying Administrative Jobs

Which Fields Have the Highest Paying Administrative Jobs According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, administrative assistant jobs are projected to grow by 13.2 percent by 2022. This ever-changing job title comes with a variety of  duties and levels of responsibility, depending on the employer. Administrative professionals  are reportedly assuming more managerial tasks across the board, requiring more skills and knowledge than ever before.Fields that employ administrators are far-ranging- if youre looking for work in the field, you have many  options to consider. Salaries vary depending on the type of administration, experience, and education level.  Lets take a look at some of the most lucrative fields.Real Estate AdministratorAdministration in the real estate field may include recruiting, training and hiring of personnel. Management of the client database, generating leads, and doing follow-ups can also be part of the job description. Real estate administration duties can also include financial responsibilities:  making budget s, paying bills, and handling bank accounts.Working as a real estate administrator pays an average of $46,000 per year, depending  on your location and size of the agency.Legal Administrative AssistantThe Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that administrative support in the legal industry offers among the highest pay- and that can include overtime. While the average annual earnings are $48,000, the amount often increases due to  bonuses and profit sharing. In addition, medical and dental coverage are frequently provided.Youll need to have knowledge of legal terms and principles (as well as the ability to write correspondence and draft documents using these  terms) to be competitive in this niche.Business AdministratorBusiness administrators work in many fields and industries: sales, retail, hospitality, and  management operations are a few. Among other duties, a business administrator may oversee a companys budget and finances and analyze sales reports.Those with associate d egrees may earn  from $25,000 to $50,000 annually; a bachelors degree can bump the annual average salary  up to around $88,000.Academic AdministratorThis support job for teaching departments handles administrative  duties  along with tasks like  resource planning, scheduling, logistics, and project management. The average salary of an academic administrator is around $90,000 for elementary and secondary schools.Database AdministratorThis type of administrator organizes and stores data on special programs, such as   shipping records for customers or  financial information for institutions. To be a database administrator, you must  be able to install, upgrade, configure, and maintain an organizations databases. The average annual  pay of a database administrator is $78,500 per year.Financial AdministratorFinancial administrators, who carry  responsibility for budget information, accounts receivable and payable, and the preparation of financial reports, can work for a large number of different companies: from banks to schools and retail companies. Salary is dependent on the type and size of the company and the duties required.The average salary for this position is around $46,000, but may range between $32,000 and $66,000.When looking for a job, there are many things to consider, such as different fields of employment for which you may be qualified, particularly if you are pursuing a career as an administrator. TheJobNetwork can do your job searching for you by sending you alerts when a job matching your qualifications and interests comes up. The advantage of doing this type of job search is that you are notified right away when appropriate jobs arise, instead of having to perform the search yourself. Once you enter your job interests and qualifications, you can be alerted or you can perform searches yourself to find the perfect job for you.

Management Accounting for Cadbury Schweppes plc Case Study

Management Accounting for Cadbury Schweppes plc - Case Study Example The most important information requirements which could aid the managers of the business include the information that are related to issues like planning & decision making, monitoring the business performance, building and maintaining a competitive advantage. In planning and decision making the managers are guided to what will produce the attainment of the companies’ corporate financial objectives. Planning is not only limited to day to day operation of the business but also how the business maximizes its revenues and profits and many areas of its operation. Updated information of revenues and expense accounts of the company are therefore very relevant for the company managers to effectively plan and make decision. Revenue accounts refer to accounts as a result of delivering goods and services to clients. Expense accounts include the cost of production like direct labour cost, raw materials and the factory over head associate with production. Monitoring the business performance presupposes knowledge of data of measurements that would tell managers whether they are accomplishing their objectives are not. The financial information on revenues, expense, assets and liabilities are therefore relevant information for the company to effectively have monitoring activities. The following are the chosen methods or techniques: Budgeting, Variance Analysis, Absorption Based Costing and Cost Volume Profit Analysis. Budgeting techniques is applicable to the information needs of company. ... requirements which could aid the managers of the business include the information that are related to issues like planning & decision making, monitoring the business performance, building and maintaining a competitive advantage.In planning and decision making the managers are guided to what will produce the attainment of the companies' corporate financial objectives. Planning is not only limited to day to day operation of the business but also how the business maximizes its revenues and profits and many areas of its operation. Updated information of revenues and expense accounts of the company are therefore very relevant for the company managers to effectively plan and make decision. Revenue accounts refer to accounts as a result of delivering goods and services to clients. Expense accounts include the cost of production like direct labour cost, raw materials and the factory over head associate with production.Monitoring the business performance presupposes knowledge of data of measu rements that would tell managers whether they are accomplishing their objectives are not. The financial information on revenues, expense, assets and liabilities are therefore relevant information for the company to effectively have monitoring activities. 2.1.2 The four suitable costing and management accounting methods/techniques applicable to the information needs earlier identified. The following are the chosen methods or techniques: Budgeting, Variance Analysis, Absorption Based Costing and Cost Volume Profit Analysis.Budgeting techniques is applicable to the information needs of company for activities like planning & decision making and monitoring the business performance of the company. A budget includes revenues and accounts that are projected

The Art of Benin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Art of Benin - Essay Example The way in which it was written about suggests that the city gained the respect of European travellers. The Portuguese called it the Great Benin where the Dutch writer Nyendale referred to it as â€Å"prodigious long and broad† which suggests that the writer was impressed with what he had observed (Gallway 1893, p. 128). History only exists when it is related to the following generations; otherwise it must be considered lost. Certeau and Conley (1988) refer to the creation of history as an interpretation that lies between both the conveying of facts and the interpretation of those facts in a social dimension. In other words, history becomes the interpretation of the evidence into a context that can be related into modernity. Certeau and Conley (1988: p. 21) also write that â€Å"History is probably our myth. It combines what can be thought, the ‘thinkable,’ and the origin, in conformity with the way in which a society can understand its own working†. This c an also be discussed in terms of how one society will interpret what it sees within another society. As the writers that were contemporary saw the kingdom of Benin as prosperous in relationship to their own standards of prosperity, it was written about in those types of terms. ... ggests that the place that was Benin no longer is the same as it was when historic visits captured the essence of prosperity in interpretations in relationship to how it was viewed by those relating their experiences. Through the collision of cultures, the evidence of one culture that would not otherwise be captured in the histories of another can be remembered when a place has long since been a reflection of its former glory. Benin is remembered in Western histories which have helped to preserve it as part of the understanding that Western cultures can develop about the part of the world in which it once held its glory. Even though prosperity of the city is remembered as it is related to Western ideals, it means that Western cultures have a perspective on how the place existed within the framework of its own meanings and understandings about a city culture. Part 2 The way in which a museum is more likely to present a body of works is related to the culture in which it is being displ ayed rather than the culture from which the works are being taken. As an example, when museums first began to show the works of the Benin, the focus was on representing it as a primitive culture because the culture in which it was being displayed considered African cultures to have a lack of sophistication and to be essentially primitive. The artworks that were available from the Benin culture did not relate well with the images that had been promoted with the Benin civilization (Brown 2008). The society was not considered a civilization as Western cultures were still trying to reconcile their own participation in slavery of the African people and could not yet accept that cultures that did not reflect the European ethnicity could be truly civilized (Parker and Rathborn 2007). Histories

Enders Game Essay Example for Free

Enders Game Essay Human beings are free except when humanity needs them. Maybe humanity needs you. To do something. Maybe humanity needs me—to find out what youre good for. We might both do despicable things, Ender, but if humankind survives, then we were good tools. Graff is explaining to Ender the philosophy behind everything they are doing. Although Ender does not know it at the time, this is the same reasoning that the adults will use to manipulate the children time and time again. Ender objects to this idea, because he believes that people are more than just tools, but nevertheless it is the pervading ideology of the I.F. throughout the book. This philosophy justifies doing terrible things in the name of humanity, and it also means that individuals will have to make awful sacrifices for their species. In the moment when I truly understand my enemy, understand him well enough to defeat him, then in that very moment I also love him. I think its impossible to really understand somebody, what they want, what they believe, and not love them the way they love themselves. Ender is telling Valentine why he hates himself. He is able to understand his enemies better than anyone else, but once he understands them he destroys them. With such tremendous empathy, even in coming to understand his worst enemies Ender loves them. This means that when he crushes them he is hurting himself in the process. Ender does not want to have enemies, so that he will not be forced to hurt anybody. He will love even those who seem to be his most bitter enemies when he properly understands them. But in the situations Ender has been in he has no choice other than destroying those enemies. At the end of the book, when Ender comes to truly understand the buggers, he is able to try to help them. He has already done them great harm, but now he can be happy because he has a chance to undo what he did to them. So the whole war is because we cant talk to each other. If the other fellow cant tell you his story, you can never be sure he isnt trying to kill you. What if we just left them alone? Ender, we didnt go to them first, they came to us. If they were going to leave us alone, they could have done it a hundred years ago, before the First Invasion. Maybe they didnt know we were intelligent life. Maybe— This conversation occurs when Graff tells Ender his theory of why they are at war with the buggers. Graff tells Ender that since the buggers communicate through thought, they probably cannot understand that humans are thinking beings. Ender therefore wants to know why this cannot be remedied.

Essay --

In the present case scenario, 19year old patient with crown fracture of #10 with 1.5mm of tooth structure remaining. However, the nature of pulp (vital or nonvital), history of pain, If any pulp exposure - time spent with exposed pulp, diameter of the pulp exposure and number of tooth walls remaining are not discussed. These factors are considered as key elements in the diagnosis and treatment plan. However within the limited findings, the present case can be diagnosed as complicated crown fracture #10 with pulp exposure involving enamel and dentin fracture. The success rate in vital pulp therapy of carious lesion has been reported in the range of 72.9-92.9%. However, further studies of high quality need to be conducted to evaluate the factors influencing the treatment outcome. 1 The classic Toronto study shown 92%, 93% of success in endodontically treated teeth without periapical radiolucency.2,3 The outcome of non surgical endodntic therapy reported a success rate of 86-93%. 4 It is seen that the success rate of pulp therapy is predictably inferior to the nonsurgical endodontic therapy. Also failure of pulp therapy due to persistent bacterial infection, leaky restoration has severe painful condition. Treating failed pulp therapy is further more complex and difficult as there is narrowing of pulp chamber due to calcification.5 Hence in this case, endodontic therapy #10 was planned. The primary aim of RCT is to chemomechanical preparation of root canal spaces followed by obturating with material, which is chemically inert and provides hermetic seal. Guttapercha is one of the oldest obturating materials and is considered still as gold standard. However, guttapercha has shown inadequate seal and presence of voids when lateral ... ...build-up material, which is formed after cementation of the post. Composites, being more esthetic material gives favourable outcome. It is well bonded to the tooth through micromechanical retention creating a monobloc effect. However, microleakage, secondary caries factors should be considered. Resin luting cements played a major role in the modern dentistry. High compressive and tensile strength, low dissolution, adhesive mechanism and high esthetic qualities have made the material of choice in luting cements.13,14 All Ceramic crowns has shown increased fracture resistance and improved esthetics. Hence, the material of choice in the current clinical case. How ever the type of material with ceramic has not shown any significant difference. Every treatment plan should be based on the updated clinical evidence at highest level for the long term success of the therapy. Essay -- In the present case scenario, 19year old patient with crown fracture of #10 with 1.5mm of tooth structure remaining. However, the nature of pulp (vital or nonvital), history of pain, If any pulp exposure - time spent with exposed pulp, diameter of the pulp exposure and number of tooth walls remaining are not discussed. These factors are considered as key elements in the diagnosis and treatment plan. However within the limited findings, the present case can be diagnosed as complicated crown fracture #10 with pulp exposure involving enamel and dentin fracture. The success rate in vital pulp therapy of carious lesion has been reported in the range of 72.9-92.9%. However, further studies of high quality need to be conducted to evaluate the factors influencing the treatment outcome. 1 The classic Toronto study shown 92%, 93% of success in endodontically treated teeth without periapical radiolucency.2,3 The outcome of non surgical endodntic therapy reported a success rate of 86-93%. 4 It is seen that the success rate of pulp therapy is predictably inferior to the nonsurgical endodontic therapy. Also failure of pulp therapy due to persistent bacterial infection, leaky restoration has severe painful condition. Treating failed pulp therapy is further more complex and difficult as there is narrowing of pulp chamber due to calcification.5 Hence in this case, endodontic therapy #10 was planned. The primary aim of RCT is to chemomechanical preparation of root canal spaces followed by obturating with material, which is chemically inert and provides hermetic seal. Guttapercha is one of the oldest obturating materials and is considered still as gold standard. However, guttapercha has shown inadequate seal and presence of voids when lateral ... ...build-up material, which is formed after cementation of the post. Composites, being more esthetic material gives favourable outcome. It is well bonded to the tooth through micromechanical retention creating a monobloc effect. However, microleakage, secondary caries factors should be considered. Resin luting cements played a major role in the modern dentistry. High compressive and tensile strength, low dissolution, adhesive mechanism and high esthetic qualities have made the material of choice in luting cements.13,14 All Ceramic crowns has shown increased fracture resistance and improved esthetics. Hence, the material of choice in the current clinical case. How ever the type of material with ceramic has not shown any significant difference. Every treatment plan should be based on the updated clinical evidence at highest level for the long term success of the therapy.

Effect of Vandalism

EFFECT OF VANDALISM There are many effects that can be seen by the physical and emotional. Vandalism effects not by individuals but also society and the country also adversely impacted due to immoral acts and inconvenient for all parties. Vandalism may affect the individual, community, and country. Most individuals that commit with vandalism just want to release their anger and to meet satisfaction, when the individuals still to perform the same act again will affecting the problem persists. This will indirectly lead to worse things will happen such as robbery or murder.Vandalism is often underestimated by the local community. They just sit back while the vandalism occurred in front of their eyes. Finally the community will suffer the consequences of the heinous activities. Community is difficult to make contact during emergency situations public phones damaged house is on fire. In addition, the community is not comfortable while using other public property. Such as wet while waiting for the bus at the bus stop roof damage cannot be prevented because of the rain.Graffiti on the walls of public toilets worsen and encourage the younger generation to emulate this unhealthy. Many vandalism phenomena that can affect the eye can see, and this of course affects the image of the country. Total losses due to acts of vandalism are very large. Allocation of funds used for the new replacement and repair damaged facilities should be better used for other projects that are more beneficial. This course will be beneficial to society as a whole.This will certainly affect the economy because tourists are not willing to travel to our country due to adverse environmental conditions and attitudes of the people who do not concerned. In effect, the tourism industry will decline. At the same time, this will give a bad impression to the people of that country. The tourism industry contributes to other sectors such as hospitality. The hotel sector will not get reliable reception due to declining travel industry. This causes people unemployed due to lack of employment sectors.

Novel Chronicle Of A Death Foretold English Literature Essay

The secret plan of Chronicle of a Death Foretold revolves around Santiago Nasars decease and events taking up to his ghastly slaying. The writer seems to utilize both animate and inanimate objects to show symbolism that could convey important subjects. This essay will place and analyse certain scenes where objects have specific symbolism.The narrative is by South American writer named Gabriel Garcia Marquez who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1982. Marquez was born in the tropical town of Aracataca in northern Colombia in 1928. He grew up with his maternal grandparents who were important in his development. His gramps in peculiar, shaped Marquez ‘s political and ideological positions. A cardinal factor possibly associating to this novel is the gramps ‘s occasional words to Marquez that â€Å" you can non conceive of how much a dead adult male weighs † . Marquez attended college to analyze jurisprudence but subsequently he worked as a journalist in New York, Paris, and Barcelona. In the first portion of the novel, there is an copiousness of prefiguration and symbolism. The first scene is Santiago Nasar ‘s dreams. The supporter ‘s female parent, Placida Linero, states in the really first page that he was â€Å" ever woolgathering about trees † . Trees are normally interpreted otherwise by persons but it seems to be a representation of a individual. For illustration, a healthy green tree would typify a individual who is accomplishing success or a individual ‘s physical and mental strength. The storyteller provinces in page seven that â€Å" he besides learned the good art of heroism and prudence † , the supporter ‘s steadfast strength of head and his ability to train himself could propose grounds that he had dreamt large green trees. The trees could besides portray the male parent, as he was a important other in Santiago Nasar ‘s life before he died, proposing that Santiago misses his male parent or has fond memories of him. The hebdomad before his decease, Santiago had another dream about trees, his female parent informs the storyteller that Santiago had told her â€Å" he was entirely in a tin foil aeroplane and was winging through Prunus dulcis trees without knocking into anything † ( p4 ) . Possibly the Prunus dulcis tree in Santiago ‘s dream could typify people of Colombia and the scene of the narrative, which is a little coastal town in Colombia. Possibly the writer chose Prunus dulcis trees to stand for his South American beginning and civilization. Almonds normally have a chocolate-brown colour and it seems to resemble the skin colour of South Americans. The tin foil aeroplane could stand for ignorance, as he was unaware of what inevitable wretchedness awaited him. He was besides winging entirely and queerly non knocking into the Prunus dulcis trees. This could farther propose that the people in his town had known about the secret plan to slay him but Santiago was incognizant of this danger because ironically, his slaying secret plan was a chief chitchat amongst the townsfolk yet Santiago was entirely non being informed of the danger. The strong presence of ignorance likely shows itself in this first dream. Santiago Nasar ‘s female parent recalls the inside informations of his dream the dark before he was murdered. She states that he dreamt he was traveling through a tree where a soft mizzle was falling, she farther states that he was happy in his dream but woke up â€Å" splattered with bird crap † . Sing that this novel was translated from Spanish to English, the word â€Å" crap † could be used otherwise in the two linguistic communications. Possibly in Spanish it could be a less awful word and could merely intend the dungs of fecal matters. In English, the word â€Å" crap † has a really strong and coarse significance normally used in general society as a really bad word even though it still refers to the same definition as the Spanish significance. The writer could hold used similar footings to replace the word â€Å" shit † but he might hold used a stronger more coarse word to convey to the reader how much problem Santiago Nasar was in. Trees used for bring forthing lumber are normally associated with comfortable life of an person or peaceable surrounding. Possibly it could typify success, the storyteller ‘s sister explains how he was rich and fine-looking but there was no strong grounds to demo these features of Santiago. The supporter was happy but all of a sudden found himself covered in bird dungs, the bird dungs were non in his dream but hold symbolism excessively. Bird dungs normally mean that there is failure of an person who is about reaching success but falls short. The bird dropping could stand for his slaying, he fails to be cognizant of the danger and avoid being killed. The 2nd scene bearing symbolic significance is the bishop ‘s visit to the town. Possibly this scene holds a batch of symbols of faith, particularly Christianity. In page 21, it states that â€Å" people were excessively excited with the bishop ‘s visit to worry about any other intelligence † , proposing another symbol of ignorance, people were willing to happen the bishop ‘s visit more of import so they did non trouble oneself to recognize another adult male ‘s life was in danger. Disappointingly the bishop did non acquire off the boat as everyone turned up aroused to run into him ; some came to be healed while other people brought well-fattened cocks and firewood as a manner of idolizing a holy figure in the Catholic faith. The delivery of fertile animate beings and workss to idolize a holy figure was used in the Christian Old Testament, a manner of worship. Today, Christians normally worship God straight by praying. The fertile offering brought to the bishop suggests that early Catholic ‘s still practiced worshipping by offering forfeits to holy figures trusting that blessing would be bestowed upon them. It could farther typify the South American civilization of the 1900 ‘s and besides typify faith. It could be identified from the two scenes that the objects have a really important function in typifying certain subjects or thoughts.Maybe these symbols are being used in an effort by the writer to convey the subjects and thoughts to the readers. There are certain major subjects that seem to look from both scenes. A really obvious subject is ignorance ; this is displayed by the supporter himself who was unaware of the baleful sign of his dreams and his failure to larn from others that his life was in danger. His female parent, in a manner, could hold shown ignorance by non seeking to understand the boy ‘s dreams. The female parent had a well-earned repute of construing dreams provided the dreams were told to her before she eats. This could propose that the female parent has been making this for a certain period of clip and she should hold besides gained experience of construing dreams. Unfortunately, she was non able to construe the boy ‘s dream. Possibly the female par ent did non hold a strong mother-son relationship with Santiago or she could non hold been bothered to try and detect the representation of her boy ‘s dreams. The townsfolk besides displayed ignorance when they made a determination that the bishop ‘s visit was deemed as more of import than seeking to salvage another adult male ‘s life. They had cognition of what awful event awaited Santiago but none of the town ‘s people warned Santiago himself. Another major subject that appears in both scenes is faith. The novel was written during a clip when most South American states were Catholic, the writer might hold shown inside informations of how the Catholics behaved in society and how they worshipped God or the cardinal figures in the faith. For illustration, Catholics believed that the virginity of adult females should be preserved until matrimony and this was shown with Angela Vicario in the novel. Angela Vicario was the female in the narrative who had lost her virginity before matrimony and was rejected by Bayardo San Roman. She so accused Santiago Nasar of doing her impure and this lead to Angela ‘s brothers, Pablo and Pedro, plotting to slay Santiago. The construction and the secret plan of the novel seem to be fragmented. Information is given to the readers about the character but non plenty to wholly analyse each one of them. The narrative is really cryptic and journalistic in a manner that there are no definite replies to the events happening in the novel. This could reflect the writer himself as he had antecedently worked as a journalist in many states. This journalistic manner of authorship could hold been adapted to his novels, this gives the novel a more entertaining position to the reader. The reader will hold to suit the narrative together and make up one's mind on their ain decision. I enjoyed reading this book because of its copiousness of subjects and how it was like a detective narrative. The writer besides seems to typify his civilization utilizing the objects in the text. Word Count: 1,431

buy custom Colonial Identities and the Sociedad de Castas essay

buy custom Colonial Identities and the Sociedad de Castas essay Stuart B. Schwartz in his work Colonial Identities and the Sociedad de Castas emphasizes such concepts as race and class tracing their functional influences on the multi-racial and multi-ethnic societies of colonial Latin America.Also, the researcher makes attempts to both detect possible changes in respect of the aforementioned phenomena and investigate the direct causes of such changes. To the authors point of view, most of researchers strive to measure the motifs and changes regarding the multi-racial and multi-ethnic societies by accentuating on the institute of marriage or sexual unions. In other words, the unions of endogamy or exogamy are frequently investigated in order to answer the aforesaid question. Contrary to other scholars, Schwartz is disposed to think that the concept of sociedad de castas as well as the society of orders has been a juridical and ideological constituent which makes impact on marriage, work and other integral parts of social life while constructing an interweaving part of it as well.According to Swartz, an intensifying concern with issues of identity and social definition proves the reliability of the aforementioned approach. Thus, a wide range of researchers convict that the racial category of sociedad de castas is not utterly dependent on the biological criterion but also embodies specific social designators. In addition, the term caste should be apprehended as a biologically social entity solidified by various life experiences including baptism, marriage and living arrangements. Also, a mental note should be made that the colonial polity has often granted peculiar privileges and statuses to certain groups of people. In view of the above, it is possible to presume that many people are reluctant to disclose their true biological identity in order to either occupy or retain particular positions in the colonial society. Hence, the representatives of different castes should not be differentiated solely on the biological grounds. Moreover, Schwartz states that analysis of the castes system not as a fixed structure but as a historical process brings no ubiquitous knowledge. To the authors point of view, not marriages but unions with Indian women have given birth to a generation of mestizo children accepted as Spaniards.Such unions have been considered manifestations of both passion and strategy. In accordance with Schwartzs narration, the idea of lineage being dependent on blood plays a very crucial role in discerning between various castes. Apart from the above, the researcher seeks to investigate whether the multi-ethnic societies of colonial Latin America have been organized by racial principles as well.As far as the notion of legitimacy is concerned, it should be conceded that the colonial society incorporaes legitimacy and recognition as the significant factors. Nevertheless, the impact of legitimacy and recognition on the issue of race, and vice versa, is undisclosed. As the foregoing discussion must suggest, legitimacy and recognition have obviously been the primary markers for the first generations. However, in Spanish American centers by 1560 the social status of mestizos within colonial society has been diminished due to a sequence of local, demographic and historical circumstances. As far as the concept of race is concerned, it should be asserted that the demography is represented as a fairly important factor for the first generation of multi-ethnic societies in colonial Latin America. According to Schwartz, Spanish have given preference to marriages with European women when available. Otherwise, Spaniards have accepted mestizas as Europeans or members of aboriginal noble and ruling families. At any rate, Spanish people have preferred mestizas to Indians. Therefore, it should be supposed that the factor of race remains, in Schwartzs opinion, the most advantageous way to understand the patterns of multi-ethnic societies in colonial Latin America. In the final analysis, the author suggests that the factor of gender has genuinely affected the functioning of colonial society in Latin America by means of controlling and representing the sexuality and domestic arrangements as undeniable parts of the Spanish governance; but the aforesaid factor should not be apprehended as an independent variable After everything has been given due consideration, it is possible to outline the chief strengths and limitations of the analyzed study. In this connection, it should be asserted that the studys benefits are the following: The author endeavors to juxtapose the sociedad de castas with juridical and ideological system of society which has the direct nexus with marriage, work and other forms of social subsistence. It should be agreed that the colonial society with various hierarchies within it may be comprehended through analysis of its values, perceptual identities and ideology. Therefore, it is possible to claim that the correlation between different castes in colonial Latin America has been driven by particular social values, perceptual identities and ideological fundamentals. Schwartz discusses professor Kuznesofs approach based on the thesis that the determination of race is substantially motivated by gender. The issue of gender is also elucidated by Jesus F. de la Teja and Ross Frank who purport that Spanish colonizers have made use of their social control theory and practice designed to enforce conformity to idealized gender. Another benefit of Schwartzs research lies in stating that the early contacts between Europeans and aboriginal peoples and the treatment of their offspring are the most significant preconditions to the systems of hierarchy. In view of the aforesaid judgment, it should be implied that both knowledge and experience of multi-cultural interactions have truly incited Spanish colonizers to maintain their dominance with the help of sociedad de castas. The author has managed to explain that a race or ethnicity should not be apprehended as a caste itself. He has demonstrated how the social position of various peoples including mestizos and creoles has been constantly changed due to various factors. Schwartz argues that the issue of gender is utterly dependent on a particular race and does not solely affect the sociedad de castas. In other words, a representative of a particular gender may change the caste only if his racial status allows him to do so. Furthermore, it might be relevant to ascertain that Schwartzs study has a number of limitations as well. They are the following: Stuart B. Schwartz takes into account primarily investigations of professor Kuznesof. The authors exclusive emphasis on critical analysis of Kuznesofs approach makes his study less substantiated and reliable. The author of Colonial Identities and the Sociedad de Castas has failed to elaborate on the issues of legitimacy and social responsibilities of castes representatives. Apart from the above, it should be stated that there are several issues in the domain of multi-racial and multi-ethnic societies of colonial Latin America than need to be investigated further. The first problem includes the question of identity and determination. In this connection, it is proposed to examine how various ethnic groups being controlled in the frames of the sociedad de castas have personally identified their social statuses. Also, it should be detected whether the peoples aspirations to self-determination and independence have ever shaped the sociedad de castas. The second problem involves the matter of race and its social components because Schwartz has failed to elucidate the concept of race as the social phenomenon. The third issue that needs to be clarified is the concept of marriage and its influence on the sociedad de castas. According to Frank Salomon, marriage constitutes an integral part of the native societies political economy. In the final analysis, it is possible to lead to a conclusion that Schwartzs study of racial and class determinants facilitates the understanding of the colonial world and its system of complex relationships which is called the sociedad de castas. Buy custom Colonial Identities and the Sociedad de Castas essay

A Group of Baboons Is Not a Congress

A Group of Baboons Is Not a Congress A popular meme contains a picture with several baboons playing in the snow captioned: Did you know that a large group of baboons is called a Congress? As the meme goes on to explain: We are all familiar with a herd of cows, a flock of chickens, a school of fish and a gaggle of geese. However, less widely known is a pride of lions, a murder of crows (as well as their cousins the rooks and ravens), an exaltation of doves and, presumably because they look so wise, a parliament of owls. Now consider a group of baboons. They are the loudest, most dangerous, most obnoxious, most viciously aggressive and least intelligent of all primates. And what is the proper collective noun for a group of baboons? Believe it or not ... a Congress! I guess that pretty much explains the things that come out of Washington! The meme does explain one thing: The person who posted or sent it does not know what a large group of baboons is called. It’s a ‘Troop’ National Geographic says, baboons form large troops, composed of dozens or even hundreds of baboons, governed by a complex hierarchy that fascinates scientists. According to the Oxford Dictionaries list of proper terms for groups of things, organized gatherings of kangaroos, monkeys, and baboons are all called â€Å"troops,† while the only group called a â€Å"congress† is Congress.   An Expert Weighs In In an email to PolitiFact, Shirley Strum, director of the University of Californias Uaso Ngiro Baboon Project in Nairobi, Kenya, agreed that a group of baboons is known as a â€Å"troop.† â€Å"I have never heard the term congress used for a group of baboons! she wrote, adding, I would prefer to be governed by baboons than the current Congress! They are more socially committed, abide by the golden rule and are generally nicer people. Baboons are socially sophisticated and incredibly smart and among primates, no species is as dangerous as humans. Only baboons who have been spoiled by humans feeding them are dangerous and are never as aggressive as humans. The Point The point the meme is trying to make is that the U.S. Congress has pretty much degenerated into a largely ineffectual collection of lifetime professional politicians, typically  trusted by only 10% of the American people, that spends more time arguing, running for re-election and on vacation than it does tending to its real job of carrying out the legislative process in a way that helps Americans happily pursue life and liberty.   In 1970, for example, the troop called Congress passed its very own Legislative Reorganization Act, which among other things â€Å"required† both the House of Representatives and the Senate to take the entire month of August off every year unless a â€Å"state of war† or â€Å"emergency† exists at the time. The last time Congress decided to take a break from its break was in the summer of 2005 when lawmakers returned to Washington just long enough to pass legislation authorizing aid for victims of Hurricane Katrina. But the fact remains that a gathering of baboons is not a congress.

Statement of Purpose for Master's in Chemical Engineering Personal

Of Purpose for Master's in Chemical Engineering - Personal Statement Example It has opened up my canvas as I have comprehended how things shape up within this field of study and how the same would be when I take it up as a profession in the times to come. This work has allowed me to come to terms with how operations are run under the banner of the oil and gas companies and how research has been seen as a quintessential part of the very same. I have also realized how I need to cope up with the changing requirements of the time and what my disposition needs to be see under such aegis. The Master’s in Chemical Engineering would pave my way towards building up a better future for not only me but also the organizations that I work with. It would mean that there would be a mutual benefit that needs to be cashed upon under the related settings that I have envisioned for my own self. I hold my career in great stead and this is the reason why I want to attain my M.Sc degree from such a reputable university like yours. This is also one of the reasons why I want to continue with the university from where I am graduating because I know the alumni of this university speak highly as they are placed in some of the top oil and gas companies of the world.

A Road Not Taken Poetry Explication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Road Not Taken Poetry Explication - Essay Example Then in November 8, 1894, The Independent newspaper of New York published his first ever professional poem. In 1985, Frost married his long time girlfriend and fiancee Elinor Miriam White. She proved to be a significant inspiration in Frosts poetry until her death in 1938. The couple had moved to Britain in 1912 after a failure of their New Hampshire farm. It was there that Frost met other modern day poets as Rupert Brooke, Robert Graves and Edward Thomas who inspired and motivated him. While there, Frost also found friendship in poet Ezra pound who contributed to the promotion and publication of Frost’s work. At the time, of his return to the United States in 1915 Frost had published two full collections, North of Boston and A Boy’s will which had established his reputation as a re-known poet. Frost went on to become the most celebrated poet in America increasing his fame and honors with each new book. Though his work was some-what of traditional form and by principle associated with life of New England, Frost is merely a neither minor nor regional poet. The author of mystical and often searching themes, Frost is a modern poet in how he adhered to language and the complexity of his work through its layers of irony and ambiguity. Until his death in Boston on January 29, 1963, Robert Frost taught and lived in Massachusetts and Vermont for years. The road not taken is a metaphorical poem relating to the period and the amount of consideration it takes an individual to make a momentous decision. In reference to Frost’s biography, he made decisions that turned his life around totally. In the poem, the road not taken uses the path as a general metaphor for his life. He starts. â€Å" Two roads diverge in a yellow wood†(Line 1) Here Frost introduces the metaphorical two roads which are primary to the poem. â€Å"And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long there I stood.† (Lines 2 and 3)According to the phrase Frost is trying to explain to us that we find ourselves in situations where necessity dictates it for us to make decisions. Where we have to choose this over the other, some of us spend quite a substantial amount of time deliberating over things, trying to trying to identify the best decision. Robert himself at one point in life made the decision to quit Harvard. He went to live on his farm with his wife to concentrate more on his poetry writing. In the process of making this decision, he must have deliberated on what is best for him and what makes him happy. In this stanza of the poem, Robert Frost writes that he is at a crossroad where he has to choose which way he was going to embark on, to continue with his journey. Day after day we find ourselves in situations where we need to make choices. Some involve little things others might change our lives wholly, thus the need to take our time to think about what would be the decision in relation to our lives. This stanza aptly explains this ph enomenon, since Frost describes how he is at that intersection for a long while trying to decide which path would serve him best. When we look at the second stanza Frost also writes â€Å"Then took the other, as just as fair.† (Line 1) Frost explains how he gave both paths an equal amount of thought and concentration. Frost continues to explain his actions by asserting that one should not look at his or her choices without carefully thinking things over.

Planing and Forcasting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Planing and Forcasting - Research Paper Example Key words: Forecast, management, planning, analysis, tools and techniques. Quality and performance. Introduction and scope of implementation: The two tools of planning and forecasting are not limited to any specific field or circumstances; rather they find their application in small scaled organization, and small scale projects, to large scale. Apart from the scale parameter, they find their application in different forms of organizations namely private, public, governmental, nonprofit, services industry, educational, planning commissions, human resource management nay they are broad in their scope and application and are equally effective regardless of the size or nature of organization. The need and realization for these two modes of operations grew further in the post world war two scenario when scientific management and other advanced methods of operations and businesses were introduced. Generic interpretation of the two terms: Apart from their technical details, specifications a nd usage in technical jargon, each of these have generic interpretation to their usage. Planning in any circumstances within the organizational ambit pertains to the organizing of activities or personnel. It is to plan and administer the scheme of actions, evaluating the availability of resources and man power (Caruth,et.al, 2008, 117), limitations of the organization and based on that make decisions that would allow for better outcomes with regard to the planned actions. Forecasting in the same parameter pertains to the foreseeing and assessing the situation and variables in accordance with the future prospect. It is the scientific and rational assessment of the upcoming events, activities, and resources. Forecasting allows for keeping the financial factor in check and preventing any increased spendings or prolonged activity time span which would go against the preplanned program. Modes of Planning and Forecasting: Both these functions may be performed in a formal manner or a regul ar in parallel on job activity. Informal planning of forecasting may not be as effective as the formally conducted processes in each category (Boyle, 2006, 8). Informal operations in these categories may result in extra resources inclusion and extra activities performance. Under the formally undertaken measures, the two work on separate lines, in a specific measure and allow better outcomes extraction. Forecasting: Within a managerial process and business, forecasting can be implemented in different categories. It may be implemented in the marketing sector, finance department, control processes, manufacturing and production activities (Stair et.al, 2010, 375). In the category of marketing, it allows for interpreting the future trends in the market and based on that the formalizing of strategy with regard to resources and expertise allocation. In the category of Finance management, handling of assets, determination of profit rates, interest rates evaluation and overall stocks values handling is enabled through the techniques of forecasting (Keown et.al, 2005). Similarly in the production processes, it allows giving an insight of the number of items to be produced, the need that would arise in long term, the costs that would be incurred in future against the present value of costs for a given process. Forecasting may be done in number of ways.

An Adoption Of Ebusiness In Thai SMEs

An Adoption Of Ebusiness In Thai SMEs Chapter 1: Dissertation Introduction Background to research In order to increase business opportunities, many large companies invested in information systems (IS). Because the high return from investment have seen in many cases. Also, Porter (2001) claims that the e-business which one kind of information systems can term as the way to management business by applying the Internet to support business activities. However, in small and medium sized enterprises have only small amount of evidences to prove those benefits (Levy, Powell Yetton, 2002). However, presently the internet was changed the way of running business, the small and medium enterprise (SME) have higher opportunities to survive in various markets (Levy Powell, 2005). Consequently, these researches are inspired this research to explore how to improve SME in Thailand which is one of the most significant business sectors in the country. Therefore, the idea of improving Thai business by integrating an e-business into SMEs has been studied. Furthermore, there are some amount of resear ch for developing e-commerce in Thailand but rarely seen for e-business. In my opinion, e-business could change and improve the way of running business better than ever due to it supports the coordination between suppliers and partners, operation performance, and also included e-commerce (Beynon-Davies, 2004). Aims and objectives Research objectives To discover which kind of small and medium companies should integrate e-business and what are the critical success factors in adopting it. This research also aims to develop the road map of e-business integration for the case study company. Research questions How to adopt e-business to Thai SMEs? Why only some companies should integrate e-business? What are the characteristics that specify the appropriation? How e-business can improve the company performance? What are the critical success factors? What are the main barriers for these kinds of small size business? Do suppliers or customers of the company agree with integrating e-business? Do they have significant influent to change? What are the case study tell us about the literature? How the business can apply in the future? Area of Focus Structure Chapter 2: Literature Analysis and Dissertation Questions Value chain Dynamics of SMEs to information systems Important of e-business E-business integration Thailand SMEs Critical susses factors Chapter 3: Context and Methodology After the previous chapter critical analysed various relevant academic literatures. This chapter illustrates the qualitative research methodology applied in this dissertation in order to analyse and design the roadmap for adopting e-business system in SuperBag Company. In this context and methodology part is combined with three main sections: paradigm and research methodology, research design, and research ethic. The chapter explains the process of research planning in the same logical with the research onion in figure 3.1 (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2008 cited in Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill 2009, p.108). By the reason that this model possible to show the approach of management research clearly. Figure 3.1: The research onion (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009, p.108) As can be seen in figure 3.1 the research onion divided to two colours in order to distinguished the layer of thinking method. In the first two layers are philosophies and approaches which can be thought of as paradigm and research methodology. The next three levels are strategies, choices, and time horizontals. These three layers are concerning on research design process (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). In the innermost layer, data collection and data analysis are discussed in the next chapter. Paradigm and Research Methodology This research has the purpose to investigate the critical success factors in applying e-business in Thailand SMEs. Consequently, to get the richness of information and enhance the validity of the outcome, the research will utilise interpretive philosophy (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). In addition, the philosophy results in inductive approach. To begin with first layer, this qualitative research applied an interpretivist philosophy. Referred to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) explain that interpretivism suitable for the research topic that has some particular interests and difficult to understand such as human being. For this reason, to comprehend the case study is aligning with interpretivism that supports to view the situation in-depth. Additionally, Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) suggest three views to clarify the research philosophies including with ontology, epistemology and axiology. In interpretivism, ontology represents the nature of reality as subjective that varies to change. Next, epistemology explains that the details of subject contexts are important to the research implication. Lastly in interpretivism paradigm, axiology shows a value-laden and research is part of the research that might lead to biased outcome (Blackmon and Maylor, 2005). In conclusion, interpretivism is appropriate with this research as this philosophy demonstrates the richness of data and subjective as well as high validity (Harwood, 2010). Moreover, as Greener (2008, p.17) stated, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“an interpretivist researcher aims to see the world throught the eyes of the people being studied, allowing them multiple perspectives of reality, rather than the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“one realityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? of positivismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. This statement supports the idea that interpretivism is ultimate for business research which supports to generate the framework from the many participants views. In the second layer is inductive approach was used in this research as parallel way of interpretivism. This approach is more appropriate to deal with a small sample size. As it spotlights attention to the contexts of subject. In addition, a number of researches support inductive approach is closer understanding of social word than deductive approach (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). Research Design This sub section explains three layers of research onion; strategies, choices, and time horizontals. Firstly, as the dissertation topic analysed SuperBag Company, the research design was fixed as a case study. As well as the Research Philosophy and approach those were devised to find the most appropriate paradigm to produce the reliable outcome. The strategy used in the research is a single case study. According to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) state that this strategy can be explained descriptive, explanatory and exploratory research types. However, this research is concerned as exploratory more than others because it discovered new knowledge for the case. More details about the case study company are described in the chapter 4. Secondly, reference to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) reveal that while using case study strategy, both qualitative and quantitative should be collected. This technique called as triangulation and it is possible to reduce the bias decision from the point of researchers view. Therefore, this research used mixed-method design in order to increase the research reliability. The qualitative data were collected by using semi-structured interviews and the quantitative data were gathered from internal and external company data resources. Thirdly, the time horizon that was used in this paper is cross-sectional study. Main reason of selecting the cross-sectional study instead of longitudinal study is the research question (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). The research question is about to develop the implementation plan in the particular time, so that cross-sectional study would be more suitable than longitudinal time horizontal. Moreover, as Greener (2008) point out, when the research faced with time limited same as this dissertation case, cross-sectional study would be more preferable too. Ethic Consideration The ethic is one of the main concerns in producing this research. As Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) have indicates that ethically research should be performed since the authority to access the participants, gathering process, analysis, and the way to present research data. For example, the voice record are started after the interviewees were consent to do. Moreover, researcher used the natural tone while interviewing in order to reduce the interviewees stress. In addition, interview time was selected by the interviewees to provide the most convenience time for them. Furthermore, both interviewees and companys name are anonymous due to the privacy concern. Hence, instead of its read name, this case study company referred as SuperBag. Chapter 4: Data Collection and Data Analysis As mentioned in previous section, this chapter explains in the innermost of the research onion that is techniques and procedures of the research. Those discussed in this chapter are highlighted as (1) case description, (2) sampling method, (3) Data collection; secondary data and primary data, and (4) data analysing technique. Case Description This dissertation focuses on SuperBag Company as a case study. This company was selected for examination since it is a Small and Medium Enterprises in Thailand. Thai SMEs is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. SuperBag Company is a filter bags manufacture. The company was established since 1983 and it is a first expert manufacture of filter bags in Thailand. As the first company and its size and profit are increasing continuously that made SuperBag is the leader of this market. Recently, the firm has a client base of over 100 companies including Thailand and some neighbour countries. Additional, the numbers of customers are constant growing. However, SuperBag has not converted to big company yet. The company was owner and formed by an enthusiastic entrepreneur. In addition, SuperBag operated as family business which has 40 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 50 employees. Also, the main communication ways are using the traditional ways such as fax and telephone The company provides a full range of associated filter products and accessories. The main product is filter bags which are using for dust control in various industries such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and mining quarrying cement. SuperBag offers an assortment of services included; designing suitable bags, onsite fitting, producing made to order products, maintenance, and advice for problem solving. Majority of the products SuperBag manufactured are mainly sold in Thailand. On the other hands, SuperBag imports raw material from many countries included; Germany, Taiwan, Korea, and China. The materials from different country of origin are significantly affected to the product quality and profit margin. The aims and visions of SuperBag are promised to high standard filter bags, fast service, made to order by specialist, concern the customer relationship, in order to achieve the highest customers satisfaction. (SuperBag, 2010) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“most management and organisational researchers suggest that you are more likely to gain access where you are able to use existing contactsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Buchanan et al. 1988; Easterby-Smith et al. 2008; Johnson 1975 cited in Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill 2009, p.176) Sampling Method After the sample case was explained, this section describes the sampling technique that was applied to this research. According to the research question that what to know how to adopt e-business to Thai SMEs which are a numerous number of this kind of enterprise in Thailand. Therefore, the entire population cannot be collected and analysed, the sample case is necessary. Additionally, an alternative of probability, this dissertation decided to use non-probability sampling technique. As Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) indicate that non-probability sampling techniques are allowed to choose the sample purposively. With this reasons the research question could be answered from rich information that usually gains from small sample size. Finally, when combined various supported reasons and the opportunity to access the SuperBag Company data, made this research applied a non-probability with purposively selected SuperBag Company as a case study to simplify the general idea of how to ado pt e-business in Thai SMEs. Data Collection Data were collected from two major types included secondary data and primary data. Firstly, secondary data which are the existing data could be collect from either external or internal company database. Referred to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) internal data are data that can be obtained from the firm. External data could be conducted from many sources such as internet, library, and some publishing media (Harwood, 2010). Another data source is primary data which is data that first collect in the research. As mentioned in sampling method that the research will use a single case study, which will be the good source of primary data. Secondary data As McQuarrie (1996) suggested that before planning to spend time and money to collect data, the researchers should look for secondary data first. Even though the secondary data were gathered for different purposes, they were ready to be used. Moreover, secondary data can be the firm internal data such as investment plan, company annual report. Also, wide ranges of existing knowledge are provided, in this dissertation was focused in four areas consisted; information systems (IS) and information technology (IT), e-business adoption, Thai SMEs, and business strategy. There are a choice of sources to review such as public and university library, and opened online sectors. These secondary data were valuable to the research if they are related, reliability and validity (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009). Primary data This type of case study suits when the case provides authorities to access their data (Yin, 2003). The information was gathered from two interviewers that are the owner and the successor of the company. Furthermore, the interview will use face to face and virtual face techniques. In detailed, these qualitative interviews will be prepared as semi-structured interviews. According to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009), the semi-structured interviews useful when new aspect from the interviewers are very significant to the research outcome. Because new questions can be added or omitted depends on the conversation. Moreover, the conversions would be recorded by audio-recorders and paper notes. Data Analysis Technique Data Analysis All records will be transcribed into word files and then get through the data cleaning process. Next, these data will be answered the research questions. Nevertheless, the process of data collection and analysis will be repeated until all questions were answered. Resources Although, various secondary data can be found in opened online sector such as Webcat and TDnet, some of useful information has to pay for. Moreover, this research was prepared by individually, so the researcher has to pay for all cost which happens during this project. The free online articles and journals which involve in the topic will be used in this research that can find from intranet at Library of University such as TDnet, Webcat. Time management and location Location Location could have significant impact to the data that was collected, so this research will conduct the information as virtual face and face to face. For virtual face means the interviewee and interviewer can see each other and have real time communication (Skype, 2010). In this research will use the software called Skype. Also, international call will be used in emergency situation. An Adoption Of Ebusiness In Thai SMEs An Adoption Of Ebusiness In Thai SMEs Chapter 1: Dissertation Introduction Background to research In order to increase business opportunities, many large companies invested in information systems (IS). Because the high return from investment have seen in many cases. Also, Porter (2001) claims that the e-business which one kind of information systems can term as the way to management business by applying the Internet to support business activities. However, in small and medium sized enterprises have only small amount of evidences to prove those benefits (Levy, Powell Yetton, 2002). However, presently the internet was changed the way of running business, the small and medium enterprise (SME) have higher opportunities to survive in various markets (Levy Powell, 2005). Consequently, these researches are inspired this research to explore how to improve SME in Thailand which is one of the most significant business sectors in the country. Therefore, the idea of improving Thai business by integrating an e-business into SMEs has been studied. Furthermore, there are some amount of resear ch for developing e-commerce in Thailand but rarely seen for e-business. In my opinion, e-business could change and improve the way of running business better than ever due to it supports the coordination between suppliers and partners, operation performance, and also included e-commerce (Beynon-Davies, 2004). Aims and objectives Research objectives To discover which kind of small and medium companies should integrate e-business and what are the critical success factors in adopting it. This research also aims to develop the road map of e-business integration for the case study company. Research questions How to adopt e-business to Thai SMEs? Why only some companies should integrate e-business? What are the characteristics that specify the appropriation? How e-business can improve the company performance? What are the critical success factors? What are the main barriers for these kinds of small size business? Do suppliers or customers of the company agree with integrating e-business? Do they have significant influent to change? What are the case study tell us about the literature? How the business can apply in the future? Area of Focus Structure Chapter 2: Literature Analysis and Dissertation Questions Value chain Dynamics of SMEs to information systems Important of e-business E-business integration Thailand SMEs Critical susses factors Chapter 3: Context and Methodology After the previous chapter critical analysed various relevant academic literatures. This chapter illustrates the qualitative research methodology applied in this dissertation in order to analyse and design the roadmap for adopting e-business system in SuperBag Company. In this context and methodology part is combined with three main sections: paradigm and research methodology, research design, and research ethic. The chapter explains the process of research planning in the same logical with the research onion in figure 3.1 (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2008 cited in Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill 2009, p.108). By the reason that this model possible to show the approach of management research clearly. Figure 3.1: The research onion (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009, p.108) As can be seen in figure 3.1 the research onion divided to two colours in order to distinguished the layer of thinking method. In the first two layers are philosophies and approaches which can be thought of as paradigm and research methodology. The next three levels are strategies, choices, and time horizontals. These three layers are concerning on research design process (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). In the innermost layer, data collection and data analysis are discussed in the next chapter. Paradigm and Research Methodology This research has the purpose to investigate the critical success factors in applying e-business in Thailand SMEs. Consequently, to get the richness of information and enhance the validity of the outcome, the research will utilise interpretive philosophy (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). In addition, the philosophy results in inductive approach. To begin with first layer, this qualitative research applied an interpretivist philosophy. Referred to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) explain that interpretivism suitable for the research topic that has some particular interests and difficult to understand such as human being. For this reason, to comprehend the case study is aligning with interpretivism that supports to view the situation in-depth. Additionally, Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) suggest three views to clarify the research philosophies including with ontology, epistemology and axiology. In interpretivism, ontology represents the nature of reality as subjective that varies to change. Next, epistemology explains that the details of subject contexts are important to the research implication. Lastly in interpretivism paradigm, axiology shows a value-laden and research is part of the research that might lead to biased outcome (Blackmon and Maylor, 2005). In conclusion, interpretivism is appropriate with this research as this philosophy demonstrates the richness of data and subjective as well as high validity (Harwood, 2010). Moreover, as Greener (2008, p.17) stated, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“an interpretivist researcher aims to see the world throught the eyes of the people being studied, allowing them multiple perspectives of reality, rather than the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“one realityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? of positivismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. This statement supports the idea that interpretivism is ultimate for business research which supports to generate the framework from the many participants views. In the second layer is inductive approach was used in this research as parallel way of interpretivism. This approach is more appropriate to deal with a small sample size. As it spotlights attention to the contexts of subject. In addition, a number of researches support inductive approach is closer understanding of social word than deductive approach (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). Research Design This sub section explains three layers of research onion; strategies, choices, and time horizontals. Firstly, as the dissertation topic analysed SuperBag Company, the research design was fixed as a case study. As well as the Research Philosophy and approach those were devised to find the most appropriate paradigm to produce the reliable outcome. The strategy used in the research is a single case study. According to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) state that this strategy can be explained descriptive, explanatory and exploratory research types. However, this research is concerned as exploratory more than others because it discovered new knowledge for the case. More details about the case study company are described in the chapter 4. Secondly, reference to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) reveal that while using case study strategy, both qualitative and quantitative should be collected. This technique called as triangulation and it is possible to reduce the bias decision from the point of researchers view. Therefore, this research used mixed-method design in order to increase the research reliability. The qualitative data were collected by using semi-structured interviews and the quantitative data were gathered from internal and external company data resources. Thirdly, the time horizon that was used in this paper is cross-sectional study. Main reason of selecting the cross-sectional study instead of longitudinal study is the research question (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). The research question is about to develop the implementation plan in the particular time, so that cross-sectional study would be more suitable than longitudinal time horizontal. Moreover, as Greener (2008) point out, when the research faced with time limited same as this dissertation case, cross-sectional study would be more preferable too. Ethic Consideration The ethic is one of the main concerns in producing this research. As Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) have indicates that ethically research should be performed since the authority to access the participants, gathering process, analysis, and the way to present research data. For example, the voice record are started after the interviewees were consent to do. Moreover, researcher used the natural tone while interviewing in order to reduce the interviewees stress. In addition, interview time was selected by the interviewees to provide the most convenience time for them. Furthermore, both interviewees and companys name are anonymous due to the privacy concern. Hence, instead of its read name, this case study company referred as SuperBag. Chapter 4: Data Collection and Data Analysis As mentioned in previous section, this chapter explains in the innermost of the research onion that is techniques and procedures of the research. Those discussed in this chapter are highlighted as (1) case description, (2) sampling method, (3) Data collection; secondary data and primary data, and (4) data analysing technique. Case Description This dissertation focuses on SuperBag Company as a case study. This company was selected for examination since it is a Small and Medium Enterprises in Thailand. Thai SMEs is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. SuperBag Company is a filter bags manufacture. The company was established since 1983 and it is a first expert manufacture of filter bags in Thailand. As the first company and its size and profit are increasing continuously that made SuperBag is the leader of this market. Recently, the firm has a client base of over 100 companies including Thailand and some neighbour countries. Additional, the numbers of customers are constant growing. However, SuperBag has not converted to big company yet. The company was owner and formed by an enthusiastic entrepreneur. In addition, SuperBag operated as family business which has 40 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 50 employees. Also, the main communication ways are using the traditional ways such as fax and telephone The company provides a full range of associated filter products and accessories. The main product is filter bags which are using for dust control in various industries such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and mining quarrying cement. SuperBag offers an assortment of services included; designing suitable bags, onsite fitting, producing made to order products, maintenance, and advice for problem solving. Majority of the products SuperBag manufactured are mainly sold in Thailand. On the other hands, SuperBag imports raw material from many countries included; Germany, Taiwan, Korea, and China. The materials from different country of origin are significantly affected to the product quality and profit margin. The aims and visions of SuperBag are promised to high standard filter bags, fast service, made to order by specialist, concern the customer relationship, in order to achieve the highest customers satisfaction. (SuperBag, 2010) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“most management and organisational researchers suggest that you are more likely to gain access where you are able to use existing contactsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Buchanan et al. 1988; Easterby-Smith et al. 2008; Johnson 1975 cited in Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill 2009, p.176) Sampling Method After the sample case was explained, this section describes the sampling technique that was applied to this research. According to the research question that what to know how to adopt e-business to Thai SMEs which are a numerous number of this kind of enterprise in Thailand. Therefore, the entire population cannot be collected and analysed, the sample case is necessary. Additionally, an alternative of probability, this dissertation decided to use non-probability sampling technique. As Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) indicate that non-probability sampling techniques are allowed to choose the sample purposively. With this reasons the research question could be answered from rich information that usually gains from small sample size. Finally, when combined various supported reasons and the opportunity to access the SuperBag Company data, made this research applied a non-probability with purposively selected SuperBag Company as a case study to simplify the general idea of how to ado pt e-business in Thai SMEs. Data Collection Data were collected from two major types included secondary data and primary data. Firstly, secondary data which are the existing data could be collect from either external or internal company database. Referred to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009) internal data are data that can be obtained from the firm. External data could be conducted from many sources such as internet, library, and some publishing media (Harwood, 2010). Another data source is primary data which is data that first collect in the research. As mentioned in sampling method that the research will use a single case study, which will be the good source of primary data. Secondary data As McQuarrie (1996) suggested that before planning to spend time and money to collect data, the researchers should look for secondary data first. Even though the secondary data were gathered for different purposes, they were ready to be used. Moreover, secondary data can be the firm internal data such as investment plan, company annual report. Also, wide ranges of existing knowledge are provided, in this dissertation was focused in four areas consisted; information systems (IS) and information technology (IT), e-business adoption, Thai SMEs, and business strategy. There are a choice of sources to review such as public and university library, and opened online sectors. These secondary data were valuable to the research if they are related, reliability and validity (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009). Primary data This type of case study suits when the case provides authorities to access their data (Yin, 2003). The information was gathered from two interviewers that are the owner and the successor of the company. Furthermore, the interview will use face to face and virtual face techniques. In detailed, these qualitative interviews will be prepared as semi-structured interviews. According to Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill (2009), the semi-structured interviews useful when new aspect from the interviewers are very significant to the research outcome. Because new questions can be added or omitted depends on the conversation. Moreover, the conversions would be recorded by audio-recorders and paper notes. Data Analysis Technique Data Analysis All records will be transcribed into word files and then get through the data cleaning process. Next, these data will be answered the research questions. Nevertheless, the process of data collection and analysis will be repeated until all questions were answered. Resources Although, various secondary data can be found in opened online sector such as Webcat and TDnet, some of useful information has to pay for. Moreover, this research was prepared by individually, so the researcher has to pay for all cost which happens during this project. The free online articles and journals which involve in the topic will be used in this research that can find from intranet at Library of University such as TDnet, Webcat. Time management and location Location Location could have significant impact to the data that was collected, so this research will conduct the information as virtual face and face to face. For virtual face means the interviewee and interviewer can see each other and have real time communication (Skype, 2010). In this research will use the software called Skype. Also, international call will be used in emergency situation.